{"id":3405,"date":"2025-12-24T12:51:18","date_gmt":"2025-12-24T11:51:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/loopweb.org\/monitorizacion-lter\/"},"modified":"2026-01-16T11:37:41","modified_gmt":"2026-01-16T10:37:41","slug":"monitorizacion-lter","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/loopweb.org\/es\/monitorizacion-lter\/","title":{"rendered":"Monitorizaci\u00f3n LTER"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"3405\" class=\"elementor elementor-3405 elementor-3064\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d40e7d6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"d40e7d6\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bb1a3e5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bb1a3e5\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-059fecd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"059fecd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">En 2008, se estableci\u00f3 el nodo LTER-Aig\u00fcestortes como miembro del recientemente creado LTER-Espa\u00f1a.\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d19e45 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d19e45\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La investigaci\u00f3n ecol\u00f3gica a largo plazo (LTER) y el seguimiento en el Parque Nacional de Aig\u00fcestortes y Estany de Sant Maurici se lleva a cabo bajo un acuerdo entre varias instituciones: el Departamento Catal\u00e1n de Territorio, Vivienda y Transici\u00f3n Ecol\u00f3gica, bajo cuya jurisdicci\u00f3n se encuentra el parque; el Consejo Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica (CSIC), a trav\u00e9s del Observatorio Limnol\u00f3gico de los Pirineos del Centro de Estudios Avanzados de los Blanes (LOOP-CEAB); la Universidad de Barcelona a trav\u00e9s de sus departamentos de Biolog\u00eda Vegetal y Ecolog\u00eda y el Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n de Alta Monta\u00f1a (CRAM); el Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Ecol\u00f3gica y Aplicaciones Forestales (CREAF); y la Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Barcelona a trav\u00e9s de sus departamentos de Geograf\u00eda y Prehistoria. La investigaci\u00f3n ecol\u00f3gica a largo plazo (LTER) y el monitoreo ambiental de Aig\u00fcestortes abarcan nueve \u00e1reas (v\u00e9ase la figura). <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-69387f4 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"69387f4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"440\" height=\"416\" src=\"https:\/\/loopweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/LoopWeb-LTER-monitoring-logo.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1502\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8eca5d8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"8eca5d8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-687349d elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"687349d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">MISI\u00d3N<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9cdc9d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9cdc9d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La investigaci\u00f3n ecol\u00f3gica a largo plazo (LTER) y el seguimiento en el Parque Nacional de Aig\u00fcestortes y Estany de Sant Maurici se lleva a cabo bajo un acuerdo entre varias instituciones: el Ministerio Catal\u00e1n de Agricultura, Ganader\u00eda, Pesca, Alimentaci\u00f3n y Medio Ambiente, bajo cuya jurisdicci\u00f3n se encuentra el Parque; el Consejo Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica (CSIC), a trav\u00e9s del Observatorio Limnol\u00f3gico de los Pirineos del Centro de Estudios Avanzados de los Blanes (LOOP-CEAB); la Universidad de Barcelona a trav\u00e9s de sus departamentos de Biolog\u00eda Vegetal y Ecolog\u00eda y el Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n de Alta Monta\u00f1a (CRAM); el Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Ecol\u00f3gica y Aplicaciones Forestales (CREAF); y la Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Barcelona a trav\u00e9s de sus departamentos de Geograf\u00eda y Prehistoria. La investigaci\u00f3n ecol\u00f3gica a largo plazo (LTER) y el monitoreo ambiental de Aig\u00fcestortes abarcan nueve \u00e1reas (v\u00e9ase la figura). <\/p><p>Nuestra investigaci\u00f3n se centra en tres factores principales de la perturbaci\u00f3n de los ecosistemas\u2014el cambio qu\u00edmico atmosf\u00e9rico, el cambio clim\u00e1tico y el cambio de uso del suelo\u2014y c\u00f3mo interact\u00faan con la plantilla biogeof\u00edsica de la regi\u00f3n que abarca la topograf\u00eda, geolog\u00eda, suelos, vegetaci\u00f3n e historia de perturbaciones para moldear patrones ecol\u00f3gicos y biogeoqu\u00edmicos a lo largo del espacio y el tiempo. La lejan\u00eda de estos sitios los hace especialmente valiosos como observatorios naturales del cambio global, proporcionando perspectivas \u00fanicas sobre la din\u00e1mica ecol\u00f3gica a largo plazo en los Pirineos Centrales. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d11adb2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"d11adb2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-452e3d6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"452e3d6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;sticky&quot;:&quot;top&quot;,&quot;sticky_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;],&quot;sticky_offset&quot;:50,&quot;sticky_parent&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;sticky_effects_offset&quot;:0,&quot;sticky_anchor_link_offset&quot;:0}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c89791 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7c89791\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Actividades de muestreo en aguas interiores<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-21ca5f6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"21ca5f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">En el n\u00facleo del trabajo de LTER est\u00e1 la recopilaci\u00f3n de Observaciones Est\u00e1ndar (SO) \u2014 un conjunto de mediciones consistentes y a largo plazo definidas por la red LTER para monitorizar los cambios ecol\u00f3gicos y ambientales a trav\u00e9s de ecosistemas.<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-66ddde0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"66ddde0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>En LOOP, estas observaciones se realizan centr\u00e1ndose en los principales h\u00e1bitats de inter\u00e9s: aguas interiores, incluyendo lagos, arroyos y sus cuencas hidrogr\u00e1ficas. En conjunto, estas observaciones centrales proporcionan la base para comprender la estructura, funci\u00f3n y respuestas del ecosistema al cambio global. Se emplean dos enfoques complementarios para estudiar la din\u00e1mica hidro-biogeoqu\u00edmica y ecol\u00f3gica de las aguas interiores, cada uno siguiendo una estrategia de muestreo distinta. La primera, la monitorizaci\u00f3n basada en sensores, proporciona mediciones continuas y de alta frecuencia de variables clave, permitiendo la detecci\u00f3n de din\u00e1micas a corto plazo y respuestas ambientales r\u00e1pidas. La segunda, muestreo discreto de agua mediante campa\u00f1as de campo, implica la recogida peri\u00f3dica manual de muestras de agua para an\u00e1lisis detallados de laboratorio, proporcionando informaci\u00f3n qu\u00edmica y biol\u00f3gica completa pero con una resoluci\u00f3n temporal menor.    <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-94f9e49 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"94f9e49\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78040f3 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"78040f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" src=\"https:\/\/loopweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/LoopWeb-LTER-monitoring-carrusel-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3069\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cdde5b1 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"cdde5b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"695\" src=\"https:\/\/loopweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/LoopWeb-LTER-monitoring-carrusel-2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3072\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03bb0fd elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"03bb0fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"540\" src=\"https:\/\/loopweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/LoopWeb-LTER-monitoring-carrusel-3.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3075\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bc8db31 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"bc8db31\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"540\" src=\"https:\/\/loopweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/LoopWeb-LTER-monitoring-carrusel-4.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3078\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cddefcc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cddefcc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e792701 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e792701\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84668fa elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"84668fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">MONITORIZACI\u00d3N BASADA EN SENSORES<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b08ead5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b08ead5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La monitorizaci\u00f3n basada en sensores representa uno de los objetivos innovadores m\u00e1s recientes de LOOP, con el objetivo de aprovechar tecnolog\u00edas de sensores de vanguardia para captar los mecanismos r\u00e1pidos y no lineales que subyacen a la transferencia y el ciclo de agua y elementos biogeoqu\u00edmicos a trav\u00e9s de compartimentos del paisaje \u2014 desde la atm\u00f3sfera y los suelos hasta las aguas subterr\u00e1neas y superficiales. Este enfoque proporciona mediciones continuas y de alta frecuencia de variables ambientales clave, permitiendo la detecci\u00f3n de din\u00e1micas a corto plazo y mejorando la comprensi\u00f3n de los procesos que impulsan el cambio hidro-biogeoqu\u00edmico y ecol\u00f3gico en aguas interiores. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ad71097 elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\" data-id=\"ad71097\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;all_collapsed&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;one&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-accordion\" aria-label=\"Accordion. Open links with Enter or Space, close with Escape, and navigate with Arrow Keys\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1810\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1810\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Monitorizaci\u00f3n basada en sensores <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1810\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d58c1d2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d58c1d2\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1810\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8cb48cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8cb48cb\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71d0f83 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"71d0f83\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1026\" height=\"820\" src=\"https:\/\/loopweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Sensor-based-monitoring-figure-1-x2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1523\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a770161 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a770161\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"925\" height=\"423\" src=\"https:\/\/loopweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Sensor-based-monitoring-figure-2-x2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1526\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-21f82ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"21f82ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1090\" height=\"436\" src=\"https:\/\/loopweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Sensor-based-monitoring.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3112\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-031d858 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"031d858\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5433b5d elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"5433b5d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">MUESTREO DISCRETO DE AGUA<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5237a1c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5237a1c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>El componente de Muestreo Discreto de Agua del programa LOOP comprende tres tipos distintos de campa\u00f1as de campo, cada una dise\u00f1ada para capturar aspectos complementarios de la din\u00e1mica de los ecosistemas acu\u00e1ticos. A continuaci\u00f3n se proporcionan detalles de cada campa\u00f1a. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d0741a elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\" data-id=\"2d0741a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;all_collapsed&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;one&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-accordion\" aria-label=\"Accordion. Open links with Enter or Space, close with Escape, and navigate with Arrow Keys\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-4720\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-4720\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Esquema de muestreo mensual o regular <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-4720\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-69e4f58 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"69e4f58\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a1d665 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9a1d665\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8eec985 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8eec985\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\"><p>El muestreo regular consiste en campa\u00f1as de campo mensuales (5-6 d\u00edas) para proporcionar series temporales consistentes de par\u00e1metros qu\u00edmicos y biol\u00f3gicos clave.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-4720\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b25b80a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b25b80a\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-be18eac elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"be18eac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"928\" height=\"607\" src=\"https:\/\/loopweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Monthly-or-regular-sampling-scheme-figure-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2239\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c2eb10 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8c2eb10\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"868\" height=\"382\" src=\"https:\/\/loopweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Monthly-or-regular-sampling-scheme-figure-2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2242\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-be96818 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"be96818\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1090\" height=\"228\" src=\"https:\/\/loopweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Monthly-or-regular-sampling-scheme.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3106\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f966dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2f966dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>a pH, alcalinidad, iones principales (Ca\u00b2\u207a, Mg\u00b2\u207a, Na\u207a, K\u207a, Cl\u207b, SO\u2084\u00b2\u207b, HCO\u2083\u207b), nutrientes (NO\u2083\u207b, NH\u2084\u207a, PO\u2084\u00b3\u207b, total N, total P), especies de carbono (DOC, DIC, TOC, pCO\u2082), composici\u00f3n DOM, elementos traza y ultratraza (Fe, Mn, Al, Cu, Zn, etc.).<\/p><p>b Estany Redon (Se realiza muestreo de la columna de agua del lago a profundidades 2, 10, 20, 35 y 60 m)<\/p><p>c Estany Redon, Estany de Llebreta, Estany Llong<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-4721\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"2\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-4721\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Esquema de muestreo estacional <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-4721\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-41cc092 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"41cc092\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dba4044 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dba4044\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>El muestreo regular consiste en campa\u00f1as de campo mensuales (5-6 d\u00edas) para proporcionar series temporales consistentes de par\u00e1metros qu\u00edmicos y biol\u00f3gicos clave.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-4721\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3305333 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3305333\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6de103 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f6de103\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"999\" height=\"630\" src=\"https:\/\/loopweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Seasonal-sampling-scheme-figure-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2245\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb66667 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"fb66667\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"759\" height=\"448\" src=\"https:\/\/loopweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Seasonal-sampling-scheme-figure-2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2248\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d3cbe58 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d3cbe58\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1091\" height=\"101\" src=\"https:\/\/loopweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/Seasonal-sampling-scheme.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3109\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-04a4d4d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"04a4d4d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>a pH, alcalinidad, iones principales (Ca\u00b2\u207a, Mg\u00b2\u207a, Na\u207a, K\u207a, Cl\u207b, SO\u2084\u00b2\u207b, HCO\u2083\u207b), nutrientes (NO\u2083\u207b, NH\u2084\u207a, PO\u2084\u00b3\u207b, total N, total P), especies de carbono (DOC, DIC, TOC, pCO\u2082), composici\u00f3n DOM, elementos traza y ultratraza (Fe, Mn, Al, Cu, Zn, etc.).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-4722\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"3\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-4722\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Esquema anual de muestreo <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-4722\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-54dee96 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"54dee96\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-efbea97 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"efbea97\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Se realiza una muestra anual una vez al a\u00f1o en seis lagos de referencia (Estany Redon, Estany de Llebreta, Estany Llong, Estany de Serrad\u00e9, Estany de Contraix y Estany Nere). Este muestreo se centra en el mantenimiento de la cadena termistoral y en la recogida de las trampas de sedimentos colocadas en el fondo de cada uno de estos lagos. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10ce6fe elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"10ce6fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"435\" src=\"https:\/\/loopweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/REPLIM-171020-mostratge-Contraix-017.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-2903\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En 2008, se estableci\u00f3 el nodo LTER-Aig\u00fcestortes como miembro del recientemente creado LTER-Espa\u00f1a. La investigaci\u00f3n ecol\u00f3gica a largo plazo (LTER) y el seguimiento en el Parque Nacional de Aig\u00fcestortes y Estany de Sant Maurici se lleva a cabo bajo un acuerdo entre varias instituciones: el Departamento Catal\u00e1n de Territorio, Vivienda y Transici\u00f3n Ecol\u00f3gica, bajo cuya [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1498,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3405","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/loopweb.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3405","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/loopweb.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/loopweb.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/loopweb.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/loopweb.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3405"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/loopweb.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3405\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3406,"href":"https:\/\/loopweb.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3405\/revisions\/3406"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/loopweb.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1498"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/loopweb.org\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3405"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}